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The main components of an Amazon VPC

An Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) is comprised of the following main components:

Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) – A isolated virtual network which is logically organised within the AWS cloud.

Subnet – A portion of a VPC’s IP address range wher groups of isolated resources can be placed.

Internet Gateway / Egress only Internet Gateway – The Amazon VPC side of a connection to the public Internet for both IPv4 and IPv6 protocols.

Router – A router is used to connect subnets within a VPC and to direct traffic between virtual private gateways, Internet gateways, subnets and NAT Gateways.

Peering Connection – A direction connection between two VPCs.

VPC Endpoints – A private connection to public facing AWS Services.

NAT Instance – Allows Internet access for EC2 instances which are located within a private subnet and are managed by an end user.

NAT Gateway – Enables Internet access for EC2 instances which are located within a private subnet and are managed by AWS.

Virtual Private Gateway – The Amazon VPC side of a Virtual Private Network connection.

Customer Gateway – The customer side of a VPN connection.

AWS Direct Connect – A high bandwith, high speed, private network connection from an AWS customer to AWS/

Security Group – An instance-level firewall.

Network ACL (NACL) – A subnet level firewall.